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Disability
is a condition that limits the ability to perform certain tasks in the same way that most people do.
Apnea
Apnea is a term used to describe the temporary cessation of spontaneous breathing. Infantile apnea occurs in children under one year of age. There are three types of apnea: obstructive, central, and mixed. Apnea may occur because of neurological impairment of the respiratory rhythm or obstruction of air flow through the air passages. The symptoms of infantile apnea include the stoppage of breathing during sleep, an abnormal discoloration to the skin and sometimes an unusually slow heartbeat.
Apraxia
This is a neurological condition where there is an inability to perform learned (familiar) movements on when asked, even though the request is understood and there is a willingness to perform the movement. The person simply cannot accomplish the act. Children with significant Apraxia need assistance with daily living skills.
Asperger's syndrome
Children with this disorder experience the inability to understand the feelings of others, abnormal single-mindedness, lack of verbal skills, insensitivity to social cues, withdrawal and obsessive indulgence in special interests. Many clinicians believe that Asperger's syndrome is a sub-type of autism that is not usually recognized before 30 months of age and by the fact that speech is not delayed, as it often is in children with autism.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
This is a behavioral disorder of childhood characterized by short attention span, excessive impulsiveness, and inappropriate hyperactivity. Symptoms of hyeractivity, impulsivity, and inattentive behavior must have been present before the age of seven and have caused impairment in two or more social, academic, or occupational settings.
Autism
is a neurological disability that typically appears before a child reaches thirty months of age. It is characterized by language and communication deficits, withdrawal from social contacts and extreme reactions to changes in the immediate environment.It affects a person’s ability to communicate, play and interact with others.
Birth Defect
Birth defect is a problem that happens while the baby is developing in the mother’s body. Most birth defects happen during the first 3 months of pregnancy and can affect almost any part of the body.
A birth defect may affect how the body looks, works, or both. It can be found before birth, at birth, or anytime after birth. Most defects are found within the first year of life. Some birth defects (such as cleft lip or clubfoot) are easy to see, but others (such as heart defects or hearing loss) are found using special tests (such as x-rays, CAT scans, or hearing tests). Birth defects can vary from mild to severe.
Cerebral Palsy also known as CP
is a condition caused by injury to the parts of the brain that control our ability to use our muscles and bodies. Cerebral means having to do with the brain. Palsy means weakness or problems with using muscles. Often the injury happens before birth, sometimes during delivery, or soon after birth.
Cleft Palate
This occurs before birth when the tissues in the mouth do not close properly leaving an opening in the roof of the mouth. Sometimes an individual may also have a cleft lip or or combined cleft lip and cleft palate. These birth defects are known as "orofacial clefts."
Occurs before, during, or soon after birth when there is a loss of oxygen. This can affect a person’s motor ability, speech, and mental ability.
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases characterized by high levels of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both. Diabetes can be associated with serious complications and premature death, but people with diabetes can take steps to control the disease and lower the risk of complications.
Down Syndrome
is a common genetic disorder in which a person is born with 47 rather than 46 chromosomes. The extra chromosome changes the orderly development of the body and brain. This may cause delays mentally, physically, and socially. Approximately one third of babies born with Down syndrome have heart defects, most of which are successgully correctable.
Epilepsy
This is a physical condition that occurs when there is a sudden, brief change in how the brain works. When tbrain cells are not working properly, a person's consciousness, movement, or actions may be altered for a short time. These physical changes are called seisures. Epilepsy is a term that refers to a seizure disorder. Having a single seizure does not mean that the person has epilepsy.
Hydrocephalus
is a condition whereas the person has excess fluid on the brain. Due to the excess fluid many of these individuals heads have an irregular shape. The individual may have a V/P shunt which allows the fluid to drain properly.
Hyposadiasa
This is a fairly common defect found in male babies. In babies with hypospadias, the opening of the urethra (where urine comes out) is not at the tip of the penis but on the underside. Treatment depends on how far away from the tip the opening is and can involve complex surgery.
Mental Retardation or Intellectual Disability
is a condition in which a person has certin limitations in mental functioning and in skills such as communicating, self-help, and social skills. these limitations will chuse a child to learn and develop more slowly than their chronoligical age.
VisionImpairment
Vision impairment means that a person's eyesight cannot be corrected to a "normal" level. Vision impairment may be caused by a loss of visual acuity, where the eye does not see objects as clearly as usual. It may also be caused by a loss of visual field, where the eye cannot see as wide an area as usual without moving the eyes or turning the head.
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